Yes, but IIRC they just happened to be the location of the hell portal that humans disturbed, and hell started leaking out. The depiction of Phobos and Deimos as hell-like was after the leakage. The third part of original Doom was back on Earth when the leakage had spread there, and it looked exactly like the hell of the Mars moons.

I wouldn’t bet money on that being exact, but that’s how I remember it.