I mean, you take one look at Greek statues and Roman busts and you realize that people figured how to aim for realism, at least when it came to the human body and faces, over 2000 years ago.
Yet, unlike sculpture, paintings and drawings remained, uh, “immature” for centuries afterwards (to my limited knowledge, it was the Italian Renaissance that started making realistic paintings). Why?
Nice write up!
Also, lots of colors were not available back then, nor were the “thinks” that make them a paint color and not just colired dust. That’s why paintings from 1300 and before are brown-yellowish from the egg and lack of many colors.
Another fun example, in the late 1800 you could suddenly buy oil paint in … Tubes! There were also a railway network in some countries, and tada people could paint in the countryside!